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Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

GECO--linear visualization for comparative genomics.

C T Kuenne1, R Ghai, T Chakraborty

  • 1Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University Frankfurter Strasse 107, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
|November 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary

GECO software visualizes multiple prokaryotic genomes linearly, aiding in the detection of genomic irregularities. This tool helps researchers identify horizontally transferred genes and other anomalies in microbial genomes.

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

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Published on: December 7, 2021

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

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Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine
10:40

Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine

Published on: December 22, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Microbial Ecology

Background:

  • Understanding phylogenetic and functional relationships between prokaryotic species requires correlating and displaying qualitative and quantitative data.
  • Existing methods may lack efficient visualization tools for comparative genomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present GECO, a novel client/server software for linear visualization of multiple prokaryotic genomes.
  • To enable the identification of genomic irregularities and evolutionary events in microbial genomes.

Main Methods:

  • GECO utilizes a client/server architecture to dynamically generate .png or .pdf images for genome visualization.
  • Ortholog relations are calculated using BLASTCLUST and displayed via color coding.
  • Genomic irregularities are identified by analyzing anomalous Guanine-Cytosine (G/C) composition.

Main Results:

  • GECO provides a linear visualization of multiple genomes, facilitating comparative analysis.
  • The software effectively displays ortholog relationships through color-coded representations.
  • Anomalous G/C composition can be readily identified, highlighting potential genomic variations.

Conclusions:

  • GECO is a valuable tool for researchers studying microbial genomics.
  • The software aids in the detection of horizontally transferred genes, pseudogenes, and insertions/deletions.
  • GECO enhances the interpretation of phylogenetic and functional relationships in related microbial genomes.