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Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
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Pediatric interstitial lung disease

D Vijayasekaran1, S Giridhar, N C Gowrishankar

  • 1Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Chennai 600 008, Tamil Nadu, India. vijsekar@hotmail.com

Indian Pediatrics
|November 3, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in children present with cough and dyspnea. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and lung biopsies aid diagnosis, with a mean survival of 2 years and 7 months.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting lung parenchyma.
  • Pediatric ILD diagnosis can be challenging due to varied presentations and limited research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features, diagnostic methods, and outcomes of ILD in pediatric patients.
  • To analyze symptomatology, radiological findings, and histopathological results in children with ILD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for 16 children diagnosed with ILD between June 2000 and May 2004.
  • Evaluation of clinical data, chest X-rays, High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and lung biopsy findings.

Main Results:

  • Acute presentation occurred in 25% of cases; Velcro crackles were the most common finding (93.8%).
  • HRCT was diagnostic in 86.6% of cases. Spirometry indicated restrictive ventilatory defects in 5 cases.
  • BAL showed increased neutrophils, and lung biopsies were consistent with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in 5 cases.

Conclusions:

  • ILD in children presents with significant respiratory symptoms and characteristic radiological findings.
  • A combination of HRCT, BAL, and lung biopsy is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of pediatric ILD.
  • The mean survival duration observed was 2 years and 7 months post-diagnosis.

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