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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

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Smoking-responsive juvenile-onset Parkinsonism.

Hasmet Ayhan Hanagasi¹, Andrew Lees, Janel O Johnson

¹Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. hasmet@yahoo.com

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society

|November 3, 2006

Summary

Cigarette smoking transiently improved motor symptoms in a juvenile Parkinsonism patient with absent dopaminergic terminals. This suggests a complex interaction between nicotine and Parkinsonian pathways.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology

Background:

Juvenile Parkinsonism is a rare neurodegenerative disorder.
Levodopa-responsive Parkinsonism presents with motor symptoms and can be associated with oculogyric crises and psychosis.

Observation:

A patient with juvenile levodopa-responsive Parkinsonism experienced significant motor symptom improvement after smoking cigarettes.
The improvement was transient but marked, also alleviating oculogyric crises and psychotic behavior.

Findings:

The patient's beta-CIT single-photon emission computed tomography scan revealed a complete absence of presynaptic dopaminergic nerve terminals.
This finding is paradoxical given the observed response to levodopa and the potential effects of smoking.

Implications:

The study highlights a complex and potentially novel interaction between nicotine and dopaminergic pathways in Parkinsonism.
Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this response and its therapeutic potential.