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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia
06:28

Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia

Published on: May 27, 2022

Early successful orchidopexy does not prevent from developing azoospermia.

Faruk Hadziselimovic1

  • 1Kindertagesklinik Liestal, Liestal, Switzerland. faruk@magnet.ch

International Braz J Urol : Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
|November 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Early successful surgery for cryptorchidism does not prevent azoospermia in adulthood. Ad spermatogonia, crucial for fertility, were absent in all patients, indicating surgery alone is insufficient for preserving male fertility.

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A Modified Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Vasoepididymostomy
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A Modified Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Vasoepididymostomy

Published on: June 8, 2022

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia
06:28

Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Longitudinal Intussusception Vasoepididymostomy to Treat Epididymal Obstructive Azoospermia

Published on: May 27, 2022

A Modified Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Vasoepididymostomy
04:59

A Modified Vessel-Sparing Microsurgical Vasoepididymostomy

Published on: June 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cryptorchidism, undescended testes, affects male fertility.
  • Successful childhood orchidopexy (testis repositioning) is standard treatment.
  • Azoospermia (absence of sperm) can still develop post-puberty despite successful surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence and status of Ad spermatogonia (spermatogenic stem cells) in azoospermic patients after childhood orchidopexy.
  • To determine if early surgical intervention impacts germ cell presence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of testicular biopsies from 20 azoospermic patients who underwent childhood orchidopexy.
  • Classification of patients based on age at surgery: <21 months (Group A) vs. childhood (Group B).
  • Quantification of Ad spermatogonia and germ cells; evaluation of semen analysis, FSH, and testosterone levels.

Main Results:

  • Ad spermatogonia were absent in all 20 patients studied.
  • Patients operated on later in childhood (Group B) had significantly fewer germ cells than those operated on earlier (Group A).
  • Elevated FSH levels were observed in 80% of patients, while testosterone levels remained normal.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood orchidopexy, even when successful, does not guarantee fertility preservation in cryptorchid patients.
  • The absence of Ad spermatogonia suggests a fundamental issue with germ cell development or survival that surgery alone cannot overcome.
  • Further research is needed to explore strategies beyond early surgery to improve fertility outcomes in cryptorchidism.