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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...

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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model

Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model

Published on: March 5, 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome.

¹Emory University School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. jking01@emory.edu <jking01@emory.edu>

Journal of Midwifery & Women'S Health

|November 4, 2006

Summary

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women. This review covers PCOS pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and management strategies for long-term health.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Reproductive Medicine
Women's Health

Background:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 4-8% of reproductive-aged women.
PCOS is a complex endocrine disorder with reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular implications.
It presents long-term health concerns across the lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current knowledge on PCOS.
To detail the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of PCOS.

Main Methods:

Literature review of current knowledge on PCOS.
Synthesis of information on diagnostic criteria and management.

Main Results:

PCOS diagnosis requires ovarian dysfunction (oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea) and clinical signs of androgen excess (hirsutism/acne).

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Other conditions causing these symptoms must be excluded.

PCOS has significant reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular manifestations.

Conclusions:

PCOS is a prevalent endocrine disorder with multifaceted health impacts.
Accurate diagnosis and comprehensive management are crucial for addressing PCOS.
Further research into PCOS pathophysiology and long-term care is warranted.