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Related Experiment Videos

Are primary alloresponses truly primary?

G Lombardi1, S Sidhu, M Daly

  • 1Department of Immunology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.

International Immunology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Primary T cell responses to foreign MHC molecules involve both naive and memory cells, challenging traditional assumptions. This suggests a significant role for pre-primed T cells in alloreactions and supports cross-reactivity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular immunology

Background:

  • Mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) typically study primary T cell responses to foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
  • Recognition of allogeneic MHC is often attributed to cross-reactivity by self-MHC-restricted T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of previously primed (memory) and naive T cells to primary allogeneic responses.
  • To test the conventional assumptions about primary alloresponses and T cell cross-reactivity.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to isolate LFA-3+ (memory) and LFA-3- (naive) T cell populations from peripheral blood.
  • Mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) with MHC-incompatible stimulator cells and Candida albicans recall antigen.
  • Limiting dilution analysis to determine T cell precursor frequencies.

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Main Results:

  • Proliferative responses to MHC-incompatible cells were equally distributed between naive and memory T cell subsets in 5-day assays.
  • Recall responses to Candida albicans were predominantly from the memory T cell population.
  • The frequency of alloreactive T cells did not significantly differ between naive and memory populations.
  • Proliferation kinetics differed, with memory cells showing stronger responses to alloantigens earlier in culture.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial portion of 'primary' alloresponses originates from previously primed T cells.
  • These findings support and extend the cross-reactivity hypothesis from the clonal to the population level.
  • Both naive and memory T cells contribute significantly to allogeneic T cell responses.