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Randomized, single blinded control trial comparing haemolysis rate between two cannula aspiration techniques.

Donovan G Dwyer1, Margaret Fry, Annabel Somerville

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, St George Hospital, Gray Street, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. dwyerd@sesahs.nsw.gov.au

Emergency Medicine Australasia : EMA
|November 7, 2006
PubMed
Summary

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Blood draw technique through intravenous cannulae does not impact hemolysis rates. Difficulty during blood aspiration, however, significantly increases hemolysis, regardless of the method used.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • Blood aspiration via intravenous (IV) cannulae is a frequent emergency department (ED) sampling technique.
  • This method is linked to higher rates of hemolysis compared to direct venipuncture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the hemolysis rates between two common ED blood sampling techniques using IV cannulae.
  • To identify factors influencing hemolysis during IV cannulae blood draws.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, single-blinded, prospective study involving 1390 patients.
  • Patients were randomized to either direct cannula hub aspiration (Method one) or aspiration via an Interlink device (Method two).
  • Hemolysis rates were analyzed alongside patient demographics and clinical information, using chi-squared analysis and logistic regression.

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Main Results:

  • Hemolysis rates were 6.5% for Method one and 7.2% for Method two, with no significant difference between techniques (P = 0.7).
  • Ease of aspiration was strongly associated with hemolysis (P < 0.0001).
  • The specific technique employed did not significantly impact hemolysis rates when controlling for aspiration difficulty.

Conclusions:

  • The technique used for blood aspiration through IV cannulae does not significantly affect hemolysis rates.
  • Increased difficulty in drawing blood is a primary driver of elevated hemolysis rates.