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Destination of titanium particles detached from titanium plasma sprayed implants.

M Franchi1, E Orsini, D Martini

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Anatomiche Umane e Fisiopatologia dell'Apparato Locomotore, Università di Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy. marco.franchi3@unibo.it

Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)
|November 7, 2006
PubMed
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Small titanium particles from implants can migrate into surrounding bone and marrow tissue. Over time, smaller particles decrease significantly, suggesting dissolution and migration within the peri-implant environment.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS) implants are widely used in orthopedic and dental applications.
  • Particle release from TPS implants during insertion is a potential concern.
  • Understanding the fate of these particles is crucial for assessing implant safety and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the destination and behavior of titanium particles detached from TPS implants in the peri-implant bone and tissue.
  • To analyze the distribution and changes in titanium particles over time after implantation.

Main Methods:

  • Sheep tibiae were implanted with 24 TPS screws.
  • Samples were harvested at 14 and 90 days post-implantation.
  • Analysis was performed using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with secondary and back-scattered electron imaging.

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Main Results:

  • Detached titanium particles were found in both newly-formed bone matrix and marrow tissue.
  • Particles were more concentrated in marrow tissue than in bone matrix, decreasing by 66.4% over time.
  • Smaller particles (<250 µm²) showed an 81.5% decrease, suggesting dissolution, while larger particles remained stable. Particle migration towards distant tissues was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Detached titanium particles from TPS implants can disseminate within the peri-implant environment.
  • Smaller titanium particles appear to undergo dissolution and migration into marrow spaces.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering particle behavior for long-term implant performance and patient outcomes.