Changing trends in gestational trophoblastic disease
Harriet O Smith1, Charles Wiggins, Claire F Verschraegen
1Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131-5286, USA. hsmith@salud.unm.edu
The Journal of Reproductive Medicine
|November 8, 2006
Summary
Gestational trophoblastic disease incidence is decreasing overall, with notable reductions in American Indian populations. However, rising rates in Black women and distant disease diagnoses warrant further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Gynecology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and choriocarcinoma trends require long-term monitoring.
- Understanding racial and ethnic disparities in GTD incidence is crucial for public health.
- The impact of regional treatment centers on GTD outcomes needs evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze 30-year trends in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and choriocarcinoma incidence.
- To examine racial and ethnic disparities in GTD rates within New Mexico.
- To assess changes in choriocarcinoma incidence and survival using Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data.
Main Methods:
- Utilized New Mexico Tumor Registry (NMTR) and SEER data from 1973-2003 for GTD and choriocarcinoma.
- Calculated age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 woman-years and per live births/pregnancies.
- Analyzed estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and relative survival rates for choriocarcinoma.
Main Results:
- In New Mexico, American Indian GTD incidence decreased by 53.3% (1988-2002), narrowing racial disparities.
- Nationally, choriocarcinoma incidence decreased by 37.7% (1973-2002) across all racial groups.
- However, recent increases in choriocarcinoma rates among Black women and for distant disease were observed.
Conclusions:
- Racial/ethnic disparities in GTD incidence are diminishing in New Mexico.
- Increased rates of choriocarcinoma among Black women and for distant disease may be linked to fewer specialized treatment centers.
- Continued surveillance is essential to monitor GTD trends and address potential healthcare access issues.
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