Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

3.1K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
3.1K
Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

2.5K
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
2.5K
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

1.7K
A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
1.7K
Surface Appendages of Archaea01:23

Surface Appendages of Archaea

876
Archaeal surface appendages are highly specialized structures essential for environmental adaptation, encompassing roles in adhesion, biofilm formation, and motility. Among these appendages, pili and archaella stand out for their distinct morphologies and functionalities, enabling archaea to thrive in diverse and often extreme environments.Pili: Adhesion and Biofilm FormationPili are filamentous structures assembled from pilin protein subunits, primarily contributing to adhesion and biofilm...
876

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Computational study of the excitation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.

Experimental physiology·2025
Same author

Approach to the Postmarket Evaluation of Consumer Wearable Technologies.

JAMA cardiology·2025
Same author

Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line, JHUi008-A, from a healthy female donor.

Stem cell research·2025
Same author

Adipocyte-Mediated Electrophysiological Remodeling of PKP-2 Mutant Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes.

Biomedicines·2024
Same author

Computational Study of the Excitation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Adipocyte-mediated electrophysiological remodeling of human stem cell - derived cardiomyocytes.

Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt
11:10

Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt

Published on: August 26, 2015

11.2K

Spiral wave attachment to millimeter-sized obstacles.

Zhan Yang Lim1, Barun Maskara, Felipe Aguel

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Circulation
|November 8, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small obstacles can anchor cardiac spiral waves, leading to sustained arrhythmias. Lidocaine, an antiarrhythmic drug, can disrupt this anchoring, potentially preventing dangerous heart rhythms like ventricular tachycardia.

More Related Videos

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
06:53

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Published on: February 1, 2017

6.5K
Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations
06:51

Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations

Published on: August 21, 2018

6.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt
11:10

Fabrication and Operation of a Nano-Optical Conveyor Belt

Published on: August 26, 2015

11.2K
Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
06:53

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Published on: February 1, 2017

6.5K
Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations
06:51

Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations

Published on: August 21, 2018

6.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology
  • Arrhythmia Mechanisms

Background:

  • Functional reentry in the heart manifests as spiral waves, which can become persistent when anchored to anatomical obstacles.
  • Lidocaine is a clinically used antiarrhythmic agent for ventricular tachycardia.
  • This study investigates how small obstacles anchor spiral waves and lidocaine's effect on this anchoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the minimum obstacle size required for anchoring cardiac spiral waves.
  • To analyze the relationship between obstacle size and spiral wave behavior after attachment.
  • To evaluate the impact of lidocaine on anchored spiral waves.

Main Methods:

  • Spiral waves were induced in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.
  • Small circular obstacles (0.6-2.6 mm) were used to anchor spiral waves.
  • The effects of lidocaine (90 µmol/L) on anchored spiral waves were observed.

Main Results:

  • Spiral waves attached to obstacles as small as 0.6 mm, with attachment likelihood increasing with obstacle size.
  • Attached spiral waves became sustained, exhibiting shorter cycle lengths and higher rates.
  • Lidocaine depressed conduction velocity, increased cycle length, and destabilized or terminated anchored spiral waves.

Conclusions:

  • Anchored spiral waves display characteristics of both free and anatomically reentrant waves.
  • The behavior of anchored spiral waves may model functional reentry in cardiac tissue.
  • This provides insights into the dynamics of monomorphic tachyarrhythmias.