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Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug binding...
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In pharmacotherapy, monitoring drug concentrations is paramount, especially for drugs whose therapeutic effects hinge on both the active compound and its metabolite. Hepatic impairment profoundly influences drug potency by altering liver function. If the drug is more potent than its metabolite, impaired liver function amplifies drug activity due to elevated drug concentration levels. Conversely, if the metabolite holds greater potency, diminished liver function diminishes drug activity by...
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

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Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver
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Published on: September 17, 2019

The hepatic transcriptome in human liver disease.

Nicholas A Shackel1, Devanshi Seth, Paul S Haber

  • 1AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. n.shackel@centenary.usyd.edu.au

Comparative Hepatology
|November 9, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This review explores transcriptome analysis methods for understanding human liver disease. Hepatic transcriptome studies offer significant insights into liver pathobiology and disease mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • The liver transcriptome, the complete set of mRNA transcripts in liver cells, is highly complex.
  • Functional genomics methods are increasingly used to study transcriptomes, including the hepatic transcriptome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common transcriptome analysis methods, particularly gene array analysis, applied to human liver disease.
  • To summarize the relationship between transcript and protein expression and transcriptome variability in non-diseased liver tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Gene array analysis
  • Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE)
  • Subtractive hybridization
  • Differential display
  • Analysis of primate whole organ studies and in-vitro cell culture systems.

Main Results:

  • Transcriptome analysis, especially gene arrays, is crucial for understanding human liver disease.
  • The review highlights the relationship between transcript and protein levels and transcriptome variations in healthy liver tissue.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatic transcriptome analysis has significantly advanced the understanding of human liver pathobiology.
  • Numerous research opportunities exist for transcriptome analysis in human liver disease to better understand mRNA expression in both healthy and diseased states.