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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon towards...

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Quantitative and Automated High-throughput Genome-wide RNAi Screens in C. elegans
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Published on: February 27, 2012

A systematic RNA interference screen reveals a cell migration gene network in C. elegans.

Erin J Cram1, Hongyu Shang, Jean E Schwarzbauer

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1014, USA.

Journal of Cell Science
|November 9, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Scientists screened 16,758 genes in vivo to find those essential for cell migration during nematode gonad development. They identified 99 genes critical for distal tip cell movement, revealing a new gene network.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cell migration is crucial for embryonic development and tissue formation.
  • In Caenorhabditis elegans, distal tip cell migration shapes gonad arms; errors cause malformations.
  • Abnormalities in cell migration are readily observable in living nematodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct the first comprehensive in vivo RNA interference screen for genes regulating cell migration.
  • To identify genes essential for distal tip cell migration during gonadogenesis.
  • To construct a gene network involved in in vivo cell migration.

Main Methods:

  • A non-biased, systematic in vivo RNA interference (RNAi) screen was performed.
  • 16,758 RNAi depletion experiments were analyzed using light microscopy.
  • Genetic and physical interaction data were used to build a gene network.

Main Results:

  • 99 genes were identified as essential for distal tip cell migration.
  • A cell migration gene network was constructed, connecting 59 of the identified genes.
  • The study provides a comprehensive dataset for cell migration research.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified a significant number of genes required for cell migration in vivo.
  • A novel gene network regulating distal tip cell migration was elucidated.
  • This research offers fundamental insights into the genetic control of cell migration during development.