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Primary tuberculosis clinically presenting as gingival enlargement: a case report.
C G Dileep Sharma1, A R Pradeep, B V Karthikeyan
1Periodontics and Implantology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India. dileepsharmacg@rediffmail.com
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice
|November 9, 2006
Summary
This case report details a rare instance of primary oral tuberculosis in an 11-year-old girl, presenting as gingival enlargement. Early diagnosis is crucial for preventing complications from this unusual presentation of tuberculosis.
Area of Science:
- Oral Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Granulomatous Diseases
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic systemic granulomatous disease.
- Oral manifestations of TB are rare, with primary oral TB being exceptionally uncommon.
- Gingival enlargement can have various etiologies, necessitating a broad differential diagnosis.
Observation:
- A unique case of primary oral tuberculosis presenting as localized diffuse gingival enlargement in an 11-year-old Indian female is described.
- The patient's diagnosis was confirmed through histopathology, a positive Tuberculin test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of anti-tubercular antibodies.
Findings:
- Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation consistent with tuberculosis.
- Immunological and molecular diagnostic tests (Tuberculin test, PCR) supported the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
- The oral lesion was identified as the primary site of tuberculous infection.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained gingival enlargements.
- Increased global incidence of TB necessitates heightened awareness among clinicians for rare oral presentations.
- Timely diagnosis of primary oral TB is essential to prevent systemic complications and ensure appropriate patient management.
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