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Induction of Microstreaming by Nonspherical Bubble Oscillations in an Acoustic Levitation System

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Subharmonic emissions from microbubbles: effect of the driving pulse shape.

Elena Biagi, Luca Breschi, Enrico Vannacci

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control

|November 10, 2006

Summary

The shape of ultrasonic pulses significantly impacts subharmonic emissions from ultrasonic contrast agents (UCA). Smoother pulse shapes can reduce UCA subharmonic generation, demonstrating pulse-dependent nonlinear acoustic behavior.

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Area of Science:

Nonlinear acoustics
Ultrasound imaging
Biomedical engineering

Background:

Investigating ultrasonic contrast agents (UCA) response to arbitrary-shaped pulses.
Focusing on subharmonic emission under varying acoustic pressures and concentrations.
Utilizing a custom transmission setup with an arbitrary wave generator and advanced echographic platform (FEMMINA).

Discussion:

Arbitrary-shaped pulses significantly affect subharmonic emission compared to sinusoidal bursts.
Gaussian-shaped pulses reduced subharmonic response by up to 30 dB.
Composite pulses showed variations up to 21 dB, influenced by acoustic pressure and UCA concentration.

Key Insights:

Transmitted pulse shape is a critical factor influencing subharmonic emission, more so than second harmonic emission.
Initial pulse smoothness can inhibit subharmonic generation from UCAs.
Subharmonic generation is dependent on pulse amplitude and UCA concentration.

Outlook:

Further research into pulse shaping for optimized UCA response.
Exploring nonlinear mechanisms for tailored subharmonic generation.
Potential applications in advanced ultrasound diagnostic techniques.