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Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is responsible...
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Liver Physiology01:30

Liver Physiology

The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can also...
Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion
06:17

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion

Published on: February 5, 2010

The complement system in liver diseases.

Xuebin Qin1, Bin Gao

  • 1Laboratory for Translational Research, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. xuebin_qin@hms.harvard.edu

Cellular & Molecular Immunology
|November 10, 2006
PubMed
Summary

The complement system is crucial for immune defense and clearing cellular debris. Emerging research indicates its significant involvement in the development and progression of various liver diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hepatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The complement system is vital for innate and adaptive immunity, pathogen clearance, and removal of immune complexes and apoptotic cells.
  • The liver, primarily hepatocytes, synthesizes 80-90% of plasma complement components and expresses complement receptors.
  • Growing evidence links complement system activity to liver injury, repair, fibrosis, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of liver diseases.
  • To consolidate current understanding of complement's involvement in liver disorder development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on complement system and liver diseases.

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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion
06:17

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion

Published on: February 5, 2010

Measuring the 50% Haemolytic Complement (CH50) Activity of Serum
08:26

Measuring the 50% Haemolytic Complement (CH50) Activity of Serum

Published on: March 29, 2010

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
06:29

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

  • Analysis of evidence linking complement components and receptors to liver pathology.

    • Main Results:

    • The complement system is implicated in diverse liver conditions, including injury, fibrosis, and viral/alcoholic hepatitis.
    • Complement activation can exacerbate liver damage and influence repair processes.

    Conclusions:

    • The complement system represents a significant factor in the pathogenesis of numerous liver diseases.
    • Further research into complement's role may reveal novel therapeutic targets for liver disorders.