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Remapping in human visual cortex.

Elisha P Merriam1, Christopher R Genovese, Carol L Colby

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. eli@cns.nyu.edu

Journal of Neurophysiology
|November 10, 2006
PubMed
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The brain uses spatial updating to keep our view stable during eye movements. This study found evidence of this remapping process in human visual cortex areas, showing updated visual information is available for perception.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • The brain must maintain a stable perception of the world despite constant retinal image shifts caused by eye movements.
  • Spatial updating, or remapping, is a neural mechanism thought to stabilize visual perception during voluntary eye movements.
  • This process is believed to involve widespread neural circuits, including parietal and frontal cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether extrastriate visual areas in the human cortex have access to remapped spatial information.
  • To test the hypothesis that remapping occurs in areas beyond the traditionally studied parietal and frontal cortices.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to study brain activity.
  • Standard retinotopic mapping techniques were used to identify visual areas in the occipital lobe.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Subjects performed a single-step saccade task, with control conditions to isolate visual and oculomotor effects. Data were analyzed using a Bayesian hierarchical model.

    • Main Results:

    • Remapping was identified as activity in the saccade task not attributable to visual or oculomotor factors.
    • The strength of remapping varied across the visual hierarchy, being strongest in areas V3A and hV4 and weakest in V1 and V2.
    • This indicates a gradient of remapped visual representation across occipital visual areas.

    Conclusions:

    • Updated visual representations, resulting from spatial updating, are present in human extrastriate visual cortex.
    • These findings demonstrate that remapped spatial information is accessible to cortical areas directly involved in visual perception.
    • The results suggest that spatial updating is a fundamental process distributed across multiple stages of the human visual processing pathway.