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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...

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Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
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[Sexuality and medication in the elderly.].

G Barbeau

    Sante Mentale Au Quebec
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Many common medications can negatively impact sexual function, including libido, ejaculation, and orgasm. Elderly individuals may be more susceptible to these drug-induced sexual dysfunctions, necessitating careful patient communication and potential medication review.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Sexual Health
    • Drug Safety

    Context:

    • Numerous medications can cause adverse sexual effects.
    • Sexual dysfunction is often underreported by patients.
    • Central nervous system and sympathetic nervous system acting drugs are implicated.

    Purpose:

    • To highlight the prevalence and types of drug-induced sexual dysfunction.
    • To identify drug classes associated with sexual side effects.
    • To emphasize the impact on patient quality of life, particularly in the elderly.

    Summary:

    • Central and sympathetic nervous system acting drugs can interfere with ejaculation, orgasm, and libido.
    • Commonly prescribed drug classes like antihistamines, antihypertensives, antidepressants, and antipsychotics may cause sexual dysfunction.

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  • Adverse sexual effects are not well-documented due to patient reluctance to discuss them with physicians.

    • Impact:

    • Increased awareness among healthcare providers regarding drug-induced sexual dysfunction.
    • Encourages open communication between patients and physicians about sexual side effects.
    • Highlights the need for careful drug selection and monitoring, especially in elderly populations prone to adverse drug reactions.