Impedance spectral measurements made through a membrane infection barrier

Impedance spectra of superficial tissues can be used to detect pre-malignant changes in the cervix but require electrical contact to be made between a probe and the tissue. Using a membrane which is permeable to ions but forms a barrier to agents of infection should enable impedance spectra to be measured without causing an infection risk to the patient. The properties required of such a membrane are considered and measurements on two suitable membranes are presented. It is shown that impedance spectra can be measured through a thin natural cellulose based membrane (Cuprophan) and that these are not significantly different from directly measured spectra. The ability of the membranes to block a virus is tested using expired polio virus vaccine.