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Accident proneness, does it exist? A review and meta-analysis
Ellen Visser1, Ysbrand J Pijl, Ronald P Stolk
1Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. e.visser@med.umcg.nl <e.visser@med.umcg.nl>
Accident; Analysis and Prevention
|November 11, 2006
Summary
Accident proneness, the tendency for individuals to experience repeated accidents, is a real phenomenon. However, inconsistent definitions and measurement methods hinder research progress.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Accident proneness suggests that health problems related to accidents may cluster within individuals.
- This concept has been extensively discussed in scientific literature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of accident proneness.
- To identify and analyze empirical studies on accident rates and their operationalizations.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across Embase, Medline, and Psychinfo databases.
- Seventy-nine articles with empirical data on accident rates were identified and reviewed.
- Studies were analyzed based on accident definitions, operationalizations of accident proneness, and specific contexts/populations.
Main Results:
- Definitions of accidents and operationalizations of accident proneness varied significantly across studies.
- Studies focused on diverse contexts like traffic, work, sports, and specific populations including children and students.
- A meta-analysis indicated that the number of individuals experiencing repeated accidents exceeded chance, supporting the existence of accident proneness.
Conclusions:
- The study concluded that a universal prevalence rate for accident proneness cannot be determined due to methodological inconsistencies.
- Despite variations in operationalization, evidence suggests accident proneness is a genuine phenomenon.
- Recommendations for future research are proposed to establish professional consensus on the concept.
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