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Updated: Jul 18, 2026
08:22
Using an Ingestible Telemetric Temperature Pill to Assess Gastrointestinal Temperature During Exercise
Published on: October 7, 2015
The validity and reliability of intestinal temperature during intermittent running
Nicholas Gant1, Greg Atkinson, Clyde Williams
1School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK. n.gant@lboro.ac.uk
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|November 11, 2006
Summary
Ingestible temperature sensor capsules provide a valid and reliable method for measuring intestinal temperature (T(int)) during prolonged intermittent shuttle running. This technique offers a practical alternative to invasive core temperature monitoring in sports and occupational settings.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Sports Science
Background:
- Invasive core body temperature measurement is impractical in many sporting and occupational settings.
- Ingestible temperature sensor capsules offer a promising non-invasive alternative.
- Previous research has not validated intestinal temperature (T(int)) during free running or assessed its reproducibility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the validity of intestinal temperature (T(int)) measurement during prolonged intermittent shuttle running.
- To assess the between-trial reproducibility of T(int) measurement using ingestible sensors.
Main Methods:
- Investigation A: Monitored T(int) and rectal temperature (T(rec)) in 10 male games players during 60 minutes of exercise.
- Investigation B: Measured T(int) in nine males during two 90-minute exercise bouts separated by 7 days.
Main Results:
- A mean systematic bias of -0.15°C was found between T(int) and T(rec), with uniform bias across measurements.
- High correlations (r > 0.85) and narrow limits of agreement (±0.22°C) indicated acceptably small random error.
- Test-retest variability showed a negligible mean change (0.01°C) and acceptable random error.
Conclusions:
- Ingestible temperature sensors demonstrate acceptably small test-retest variability for T(int) during intermittent shuttle running.
- The small measurement error and similar thermal responses suggest T(int) is a viable alternative to T(rec) in exercise physiology research.
- Consistent bias between T(int) and T(rec) should be accounted for when using ingestible sensors.
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Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
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Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
01:14Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla
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Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
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Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
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Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
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Step 4:
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Step 1:
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Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
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