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Serologically defined Rh determinants.

P Tippett1

  • 1Medical Research Council Blood Group Unit, University College, London, U.K.

Journal of Immunogenetics
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
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This study details the identification and characterization of numerous Rh antigens, including high and low incidence types. It highlights the use of monoclonal antibodies to define epitopes on the Rh D antigen and reassess partial D antigens.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Hematology
  • Serology

Background:

  • The Rh blood group system comprises 46 identified antigens, with recent discoveries including high and low incidence variants.
  • Understanding Rh antigen diversity is crucial for transfusion medicine and understanding hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the identification of high and low incidence Rh antigens.
  • To illustrate the characterization of a low incidence antigen (JAL/Rh48) using serological and family studies.
  • To investigate the heterogeneity of polymorphic Rh antigens, specifically Rh D, using monoclonal antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • Serological testing of blood cells.
  • Family studies to trace antigen inheritance.
  • Utilizing rare Rh phenotypes, including Rhnull cells, for antigen identification.

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  • Employing monoclonal antibodies (MABS) to define Rh D epitopes.

    • Main Results:

    • Briefly describes the identification of high incidence Rh antigens.
    • Details the serological and family studies confirming JAL (Rh48) as a low incidence Rh antigen.
    • Monoclonal anti-D antibodies define eight distinct D epitopes.
    • Partial D antigens are reassessed based on their expression of these D epitopes.

    Conclusions:

    • The study expands the understanding of Rh antigen complexity and incidence.
    • Monoclonal antibody technology provides a refined method for characterizing Rh D antigen epitopes.
    • This work aids in the precise classification of partial D antigens.