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Related Experiment Videos

The conversion of 3' UTRs into coding regions.

Michael G Giacomelli1, Adam S Hancock, Joanna Masel

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, USA.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|November 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Novel gene evolution can occur when stop codons are removed, incorporating 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) into genes. Yeast shows more controlled stop codon changes than rodents, potentially due to a prion facilitating 3' UTR incorporation.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Novel coding sequences can arise from the relocation of stop codons.
  • This process integrates 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) into existing genes.
  • Stop codon repositioning is a mechanism for generating genetic novelty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the lability of stop codon positions in Saccharomyces and mouse/rat comparisons.
  • To determine the balance between stop codon additions and subtractions in coding regions.
  • To explore the role of selective constraints and prions in 3' UTR incorporation.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of stop codon positions across closely related Saccharomyces species.
  • Comparison of stop codon changes between mouse and rat genomes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Classification of stop codon changes as additions or subtractions from coding sequences.

    • Main Results:

    • Stop codon positions are highly labile in both Saccharomyces and rodents.
    • Subtractions of stop codons from coding regions occur more frequently than additions.
    • Saccharomyces exhibits lower stop codon lability than rodents, suggesting stronger selective pressure.
    • A higher proportion of 3' UTR incorporation events maintain the reading frame in Saccharomyces.

    Conclusions:

    • Stop codon lability contributes to the evolution of novel coding sequences.
    • A bias towards stop codon subtractions may be counterbalanced by gene duplication.
    • Reduced lability in Saccharomyces is likely due to evolutionary constraints.
    • The [PSI(+)] prion may act as an evolutionary capacitor, facilitating 3' UTR incorporation in yeast.