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Related Experiment Videos

[Brain structural abnormalities of bipolar disorder].

A Kaladjian1, P Mazzola-Pomietto, R Jeanningros

  • 1SHU Psychiatrie Adultes, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 09.

L'Encephale
|November 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Structural neuroimaging reveals consistent white matter hyperintensities and ventricular enlargement in bipolar disorder. Brain abnormalities, particularly in fronto-limbic regions, suggest altered emotional processing loops.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging and Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Context:

  • Increasing structural neuroimaging studies investigate cerebral abnormalities in bipolar disorder.
  • Existing literature highlights white matter hyperintensities and ventricular enlargement.
  • Research explores the link between these abnormalities and genetic factors or early illness stages.

Purpose:

  • To provide a selective review of key findings in structural neuroimaging of bipolar disorder.
  • To synthesize consistent observations and discuss variability in morphometric abnormalities.
  • To highlight the role of fronto-limbic circuits in bipolar disorder pathophysiology.

Summary:

  • Consistent findings include increased periventricular and deep subcortical white matter hyperintensities on MRI, and mild ventricular enlargement, predominantly in the right lateral ventricle.

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  • While total cerebral volume is preserved, reduced white matter volume may indicate genetic predisposition. Cortical and subcortical regions, including frontal, temporal, and limbic areas, show volume changes.
  • Abnormalities are asymmetrically distributed, with left hemisphere increases (prefrontal, temporal, amygdala) and right hemisphere deficits, correlating with mania following brain injury.

    • Impact:

    • Findings underscore the role of fronto-limbic circuits in emotional processing and bipolar disorder pathophysiology.
    • Structural brain alterations provide insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of the disorder.
    • This review consolidates current knowledge, guiding future research directions in bipolar disorder neuroimaging.