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Related Experiment Videos

The stringent response in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).

E Strauch1, E Takano, H A Baylis

  • 1John Innes Institute, John Innes Centre for Plant Science Research, Norwich, UK.

Molecular Microbiology
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

The stringent response, involving guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) accumulation, is triggered by nutrient stress in Streptomyces coelicolor. However, ppGpp synthesis alone is insufficient to initiate antibiotic production.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The stringent response is a conserved bacterial stress mechanism.
  • In Streptomyces, this response is linked to secondary metabolite production, including antibiotics.
  • The role of ppGpp in regulating antibiotic biosynthesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the stringent response and ppGpp in antibiotic production in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).
  • To determine if ppGpp accumulation is sufficient to trigger antibiotic biosynthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Eliciting the stringent response via amino acid depletion (nutritional shiftdown) and serine hydroxamate treatment.
  • Quantifying ppGpp levels.
  • Analyzing gene expression of actIII (an early actinorhodin biosynthesis gene) using S1 nuclease mapping.

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Main Results:

  • Both amino acid depletion and serine hydroxamate increased ppGpp levels and decreased rRNA gene transcription.
  • Elevated ppGpp levels were observed at the end of exponential growth, preceding antibiotic production.
  • ActIII gene expression was induced by nutritional shiftdown but not by serine hydroxamate, indicating ppGpp synthesis alone is insufficient.

Conclusions:

  • The stringent response, characterized by ppGpp accumulation, is elicited by nutrient stress in Streptomyces coelicolor.
  • ppGpp synthesis is necessary but not sufficient for initiating antibiotic production.
  • The specific trigger for antibiotic production initiation in response to stringent conditions requires further investigation.