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Osteonecrosis complicating chronic myeloid leukaemia
D E Joseph1, O J Egesie, O O Alao
1Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. emmjos@yahoo.com
Summary
This case report highlights the first instance of osteonecrosis linked to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Nigeria. Early blood tests are crucial for diagnosing CML and preventing severe complications like avascular necrosis.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Oncology
Background:
- Osteonecrosis is documented in sickle cell disease but not previously linked to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Nigeria.
- This study presents the first reported case of CML-associated osteonecrosis in Nigeria.
Observation:
- A 15-year-old female presented with hip pain, abdominal swelling, and weight loss.
- Diagnosis revealed chronic myeloid leukemia and avascular necrosis of the right femoral head.
Findings:
- The patient experienced significant gait improvement within two weeks of starting cytoreductive therapy for CML.
- Despite treatment, crutches are still necessary due to extensive bone damage from prolonged leukemic impact.
Implications:
- Osteonecrosis of the femoral head can be a complication of CML due to hyperviscosity-induced leukostasis.
- Routine peripheral blood counts in patients with non-hematological symptoms may prevent severe disease complications.
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