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Related Experiment Videos

Rickettsioses in Australia.

Stephen Graves1, Nathan Unsworth, John Stenos

  • 1Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory, The Geelong Hospital, PO BOX 281, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. Stephen.graves@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|November 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Australia has expanding rickettsial diseases, including new detections of Rickettsia honei and a novel spotted fever group species, "R. marmionii," potentially linked to chronic illnesses.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Australian Public Health

Background:

  • Australia harbors diverse rickettsial diseases: typhus, spotted fever, scrub typhus, and Q fever.
  • Rickettsia honei (Flinders Island spotted fever) range has expanded to Tasmania and southeastern Australia.
  • A new spotted fever group (SFG) species, tentatively named "R. marmionii," has been identified in eastern Australia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the expanding distribution of known rickettsial pathogens in Australia.
  • To report the discovery and initial characterization of a novel SFG rickettsia, "R. marmionii."
  • To investigate the clinical associations of "R. marmionii" infection, including acute and chronic illness.

Main Methods:

  • Epidemiological surveillance and case reporting.

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  • Molecular identification and characterization of rickettsial species.
  • Clinical data review for patients with confirmed or suspected rickettsial infections.

    • Main Results:

    • Rickettsia honei is now recognized in Tasmania and southeastern mainland Australia.
    • A new SFG rickettsial species, "R. marmionii," has been detected in eastern Australia.
    • Seven cases of acute "R. marmionii" infection have been identified.
    • "R. marmionii" bacteremia is associated with patients experiencing chronic illness, warranting further investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • Australian rickettsial disease landscape is dynamic, with expanding ranges and new species.
    • "R. marmionii" represents a significant addition to known Australian SFG rickettsiae.
    • The role of "R. marmionii" in chronic illness, potentially as a marker for autoimmune disease or chronic fatigue, requires further study.