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Updated: Jul 18, 2026
Evaluation of Fluid Overload by Bioelectrical Impedance Vectorial Analysis
Published on: August 17, 2022
Vital organ blood flow with the impedance threshold device
Tom P Aufderheide1, Keith G Lurie
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to review cardiopulmonary resuscitation hemodynamics and vital organ blood flow in animal models with the use of the impedance threshold device (ITD) and to correlate these findings with the results of human clinical trials.
Results:
Animal studies have demonstrated near normalization of cerebral blood flow and an increase between 50% and 100% in cardiac blood flow with use of the ITD. Coincident coronary perfusion pressure is significantly increased with the ITD. Results of human clinical trials generally reflect the data seen in animal models, with near normal blood pressure during active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the ITD, near doubling of blood pressure with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation plus the ITD, and significantly increased short-term survival rates.
Conclusions:
Improved vital organ perfusion with ITD use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an important advance in resuscitation. Incorporation of the ITD into protocols that improve other aspects of the care of patients during cardiac arrest and after successful resuscitation should result in further benefit from the ITD.
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