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Related Experiment Videos

The mesorectum: hypothesis on its evolution.

M Nano1, M Prunotto, M Ferronato

  • 1Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. mario.nano@unito.it

Techniques in Coloproctology
|November 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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The mesorectum and lateral ligaments are absent in quadrupedal mammals but present in primates. These structures likely evolved with the upright posture, aiding rectal support.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Comparative Anatomy

Background:

  • The anatomical origin and existence of mesorectal and lateral ligaments are debated.
  • Understanding these structures is crucial for rectal anatomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anatomical origin and presence of the mesorectum and lateral ligaments.
  • To compare these structures across different species, including humans and various mammals.

Main Methods:

  • Performed dissections on quadrupedal mammals (dogs, pigs) and primates (Macaca apes).
  • Examined histological macroslices of Macaca ape and human fetuses (182) up to the fifth month of gestation.

Main Results:

  • Quadrupedal mammals lacked structures comparable to the human mesorectum or lateral ligaments.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Primates exhibited an adipose cuff surrounding the rectum and distinct connective bands (lateral ligaments).
  • Mesorectum and lateral ligaments were identifiable in human fetuses after the fifth month of gestation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Mesorectum and lateral ligaments are absent in quadrupedal mammals but present in primates.
    • Hypothesize that these structures evolved with the upright posture in primates.
    • Acknowledge that alternative hypotheses for their evolution exist.