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How capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) quantify objects and substances.

Kristy VanMarle1, Justine Aw, Koleen McCrink

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Summary
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Capuchin monkeys can quantify both objects and substances, suggesting similar numerical abilities across different entity types. Their performance indicates a shared capacity for nonverbal quantity representations with humans.

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Area of Science:

  • Comparative Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Primate Behavior

Background:

  • Humans and other animals share nonverbal quantity representation abilities.
  • Human infants' quantity representation is influenced by an entity's ontological status (object vs. substance).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) show similar quantity representation abilities for objects and substances.
  • To determine the limits of nonverbal quantity representations in nonhuman primates.

Main Methods:

  • Capuchin monkeys were tested on their ability to select the greater of two quantities.
  • Quantities involved either discrete objects or a nonsolid substance.
  • Performance was analyzed for above-chance accuracy and ratio dependency.

Main Results:

  • Capuchin monkeys performed significantly above chance when quantifying both discrete objects and nonsolid substances.
  • Performance in both conditions was dependent on the ratio between quantities, a hallmark of analog magnitude representations.

Conclusions:

  • Capuchin monkeys quantify objects and substances similarly, indicating a shared cognitive mechanism with humans.
  • This suggests that primate quantity representation relies on a ratio-dependent analog magnitude system, irrespective of ontological status.