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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats

Published on: April 7, 2023

Estrogen therapy for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Lorraine A Fitzpatrick¹

¹Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91361, USA. lfitzpat@amgen.com

Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia

|November 23, 2006

Summary

Estrogen therapy effectively prevents fractures and improves bone mineral density in postmenopausal women by inhibiting osteoclast activity. Lower doses are beneficial with fewer side effects, though optimal treatment duration remains debated.

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Published on: August 13, 2019

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Bone Biology
Gerontology

Background:

Osteoporosis is a global health issue causing fractures, disability, and significant societal costs.
Estrogen therapy is a common treatment for postmenopausal symptoms and offers skeletal protection.
Estrogen inhibits osteoclasts by increasing osteoprotegerin (OPG), which blocks osteoclast differentiation and activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the established benefits of estrogen therapy for bone health.
To highlight the cellular mechanisms through which estrogen protects the skeleton.
To discuss ongoing controversies regarding estrogen treatment duration and follow-up.

Main Methods:

Review of numerous clinical trials, including observational and randomized controlled trials.
Analysis of cellular mechanisms involving estrogen, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and osteoclasts.
Examination of data on bone mineral density and fracture prevention.

Main Results:

Estrogen therapy demonstrably improves bone mineral density.
Lower doses of estrogen are effective and associated with fewer side effects.
Clinical trials confirm estrogen's efficacy in fracture prevention.

Conclusions:

Estrogen therapy is a proven strategy for improving bone health and preventing fractures in postmenopausal women.
Understanding the role of OPG in estrogen's mechanism provides insight into its skeletal benefits.
Further research is needed to clarify optimal treatment protocols regarding duration and post-treatment follow-up.