Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
14:49

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

Published on: April 8, 2022

OSAS in children: clinical and polysomnographic respiratory profile

Regina Terse Trindade Ramos1, Carla Hilário da Cunha Daltro, Paloma Baiardi Gregório

  • 1Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health, and Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Hospital Português, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
|November 23, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is common and linked to health issues. Early recognition in children with snoring and restless sleep is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome in children (OSAS) affects up to 3% of pediatric population.
  • OSAS is associated with neurocognitive, behavioral, and cardiovascular complications.
  • Pediatricians may lack awareness, leading to delayed diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe clinical characteristics of pediatric OSAS.
  • To report polysomnographic respiratory findings in children with OSAS.
  • To aid pediatricians in recognizing OSAS.

Main Methods:

  • A case series study of 93 children aged 2-10 years.
  • Polysomnographic diagnosis of OSAS was confirmed.
  • Evaluated age, gender, race, health, sleep disorders, apnea-hypopnea index, oxyhemoglobin desaturation, and arousal index.

Main Results:

  • Males constituted 61.3% with a mean age of 5.2 years.
  • Snoring and restless sleep were the most common complaints (24.7% each).
  • High prevalence of allergic rhinitis (98.9%) and adenoid hypertrophy (50.6%) was observed. Mild apnea was found in 66%.

Conclusions:

  • OSAS should be suspected in children with allergic diseases and adenoid/tonsil hypertrophy.
  • Snoring and restless sleep are key indicators for suspecting pediatric OSAS.
  • Increased awareness can improve early detection and management of OSAS in children.
Abstract

More Related Videos

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children07:27

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

Published on: August 19, 2020

Related Concept Videos

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...