Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 18, 2026
09:48
Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance
Published on: February 17, 2023
Elevated circulating adiponectin in type 1 diabetes is associated with long diabetes duration
Torbjörn Lindström1, Jan Frystyk, Christina A Hedman
1Diabetes Centre, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. torbjorn.lindstrom@lio.se
Clinical Endocrinology
|November 24, 2006
Summary
Circulating adiponectin increases with longer diabetes duration in type 1 diabetes patients, independent of glycemic control. Residual insulin secretion may influence adiponectin levels, though evidence was limited.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Diabetes Research
Background:
- Adiponectin, an adipokine, plays a role in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
- Understanding adiponectin regulation in type 1 diabetes is crucial for managing complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between circulating adiponectin levels and diabetes duration in type 1 diabetes.
- To explore the association of adiponectin with endogenous insulin secretion and metabolic control.
Main Methods:
- Study included 46 patients with type 1 diabetes (HbA1c < 6%) and 34 healthy controls.
- Serum samples were analyzed for adiponectin, HbA1c, C-peptide, and lipoproteins.
- Patients were stratified by diabetes duration (<10 years vs. longer) and C-peptide levels (detectable vs. undetectable).
Main Results:
- Adiponectin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with longer diabetes duration (>10 years).
- Patients with undetectable C-peptide (suggesting minimal residual beta-cell function) had higher adiponectin levels compared to those with detectable C-peptide.
- Adiponectin levels were elevated in type 1 diabetes patients without detectable C-peptide compared to healthy controls.
Conclusions:
- Increased circulating adiponectin in type 1 diabetes is strongly associated with long diabetes duration.
- Metabolic control (HbA1c) did not appear to influence this association.
- A potential role for residual beta-cell function in adiponectin regulation warrants further investigation.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
01:26Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
01:12Type I Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
01:19Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations
Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...
01:26Type II Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...