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Human saliva proteome and transcriptome.

S Hu1, Y Li, J Wang

  • 1School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, UCLA Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine 90095-1668, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|November 24, 2006
PubMed
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Human saliva contains both proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts. This study found significant overlap between saliva proteins and their corresponding mRNA molecules, suggesting a link between the saliva proteome and transcriptome.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Human whole saliva contains a complex mixture of proteins and nucleic acids.
  • Understanding the relationship between salivary proteins and their corresponding genetic material (mRNA) is crucial for diagnostics and understanding oral biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that salivary proteins and their counterpart mRNAs co-exist in human whole saliva.
  • To investigate the correlation between the salivary proteome and transcriptome.

Main Methods:

  • Global proteomic profiling of saliva using mass spectrometry (MS).
  • Global transcriptomic profiling of saliva using expression microarray technologies.
  • Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect specific mRNA transcripts.

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Main Results:

  • A significant overlap was observed between identified saliva proteins and mRNA transcripts.
  • 61-70% of identified, function-known salivary proteins had corresponding mRNA transcripts in saliva.
  • Further analysis confirmed the presence of mRNA for 68% of proteins lacking detectable mRNA initially, and protein products for many detected mRNAs.

Conclusions:

  • Saliva proteins and their corresponding mRNA transcripts co-exist in human whole saliva.
  • The saliva transcriptome provides valuable insights into the composition and potential origins of the salivary proteome.
  • This co-existence suggests potential roles for salivary mRNA beyond protein synthesis, possibly in gene regulation or as biomarkers.