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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Related Experiment Videos

Perioperative evaluation of bleeding diathesis.

Lawrence L K Leung1

  • 1VA Palo Alto HCS, Medical Service, B2-125, 3801 Miranda Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. lawrence.leung@stanford.edu

Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program
|November 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

A prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) with normal prothrombin time suggests clotting factor issues or inhibitors. Plasma-mixing studies help differentiate these causes, crucial for diagnosing bleeding risks.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • A prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) with a normal prothrombin time (PT) indicates potential coagulation pathway abnormalities.
  • Distinguishing between clotting factor deficiencies and inhibitors is critical for accurate diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the differential diagnosis of isolated prolonged APTT.
  • To discuss the utility of plasma-mixing studies in differentiating factor deficiencies from inhibitors.
  • To examine clinical bleeding associated with acquired antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clotting factor deficiency states.
  • Discussion of plasma-mixing studies for inhibitor detection.
  • Case review of acquired factor V and thrombin antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Plasma-mixing studies are effective in differentiating factor deficiencies from inhibitors.
  • Acquired factor V and thrombin antibodies can cause significant bleeding, particularly post-cardiac surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Isolated prolonged APTT necessitates investigation for factor deficiency or inhibitors.
  • Plasma-mixing studies are essential diagnostic tools.
  • Acquired antibodies pose a significant clinical challenge, especially in surgical contexts.