Proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis using a combination plate-screw technique in 53 horses (1994-2003)

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Surgery
• Equine Orthopedics
• Arthrodesis Techniques

Background:

• Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthrodesis is a surgical procedure to fuse the joint.
• A stable fixation with minimal cast support is desired for optimal outcomes.
• Evaluating novel techniques is crucial for improving equine limb salvage and performance restoration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a combined plate-screw method for PIP joint arthrodesis in a large cohort of horses.
• To assess the success rate and complications associated with this surgical technique.
• To determine the prognosis for return to athletic performance following PIP joint fusion.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 53 horses undergoing PIP joint arthrodesis.
• Surgical technique involved a dynamic compression plate (DCP) with lag-fashion transarticular cortex screws.
• Data collected included clinical presentation, surgical details, post-operative care, and long-term follow-up (mean 3 years).

Main Results:

• 58 arthrodesis procedures were performed for various conditions including osteoarthritis and fractures.
• 87% of horses were used as intended post-operatively (81% forelimb, 95% hindlimb).
• 85% of performance horses had successful outcomes, with complications including infection and implant failure.

Conclusions:

• The combined DCP and lag-screw technique provides stable PIP joint arthrodesis with a short casting period and minimal complications.
• Hindlimb PIP joint arthrodesis offers an excellent prognosis for return to performance.
• Forelimb PIP joint arthrodesis provides a good prognosis for return to athletic potential.