Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 18, 2026
11:12
Interrogating Individual Autoreactive Germinal Centers by Photoactivation in a Mixed Chimeric Model of Autoimmunity
Published on: April 11, 2019
B cell receptor editing in tolerance and autoimmunity.
Hilla Azulay-Debby1, Doron Melamed
1Department of Immunology, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
|November 28, 2006
Summary
B cells with self-reactive receptors undergo negative selection. Receptor editing can extinguish self-reactivity or, paradoxically, promote autoimmunity and B cell maturation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- B cell receptors (BCRs) are generated by random immunoglobulin (Ig) gene assembly.
- Self-reactive BCRs trigger negative selection to eliminate potentially harmful B cells.
- Receptor editing is a key mechanism for resolving self-reactivity in developing B cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the role of receptor editing in B-lymphopoiesis.
- To explore the dual contribution of receptor editing to B cell tolerance and autoimmunity.
- To review recent findings on receptor editing's involvement in B cell selection and maturation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent data on receptor editing.
- Analysis of the mechanisms underlying B cell tolerance.
- Discussion of the implications of receptor editing in autoimmune diseases.
Main Results:
- Receptor editing is crucial for extinguishing self-reactivity by replacing self-reactive BCRs.
- Emerging evidence suggests receptor editing can also contribute to the development of autoimmunity.
- This process is implicated in both B cell positive selection and maturation.
Conclusions:
- Receptor editing plays a complex role in B cell development, tolerance, and autoimmunity.
- Understanding receptor editing is vital for addressing B cell-related autoimmune conditions.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and consequences of receptor editing.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Special Features of Adaptive Immunity
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
01:22T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Overview