The application of biotechnical and epidemiologic tools for pig health

Health maximization is a farm essential because of its implications for animal well-being and for production. Health care in all livestock species is a dynamic, technologically-limited, and resource-constrained enterprise. As in any health endeavor, challenges abound. Fundamentally, the cornerstones of animal health are good husbandry and good housing. Effective health systems, however, incorporate other management aspects, including biotechnology and epidemiology. The degree to which each affects the incidence and severity of pig disease is not fully appreciated. Shortfalls in management, resource allocation, available tools, and/or understanding are not uncommon. This article reviews the dynamics of pig health emphasizing how technology and management marginally affect the course of disease. Further, management techniques that incorporate technology in disease control, elimination, and eradication are reviewed. Antimicrobials are a key biotechnical tool for maximizing pig health.