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Mantoux and contact positivity in tuberculosis.
D Vijayasekaran1, R Arvind Kumar, N C Gowrishankar
1Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai, India. Vijsekar@Hotmail.com
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|November 28, 2006
Summary
Mantoux test positivity was 34.7% in childhood tuberculosis cases, varying by TB form. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was more common, indicating its significance in pediatric TB.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Mycobacterial infections
- Public health
Background:
- Childhood tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis can be challenging.
- Understanding diagnostic markers like the Mantoux test and contact history is crucial.
- Extra-pulmonary TB is a significant concern in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the utility of the Mantoux test and contact history in diagnosing various forms of childhood tuberculosis.
- To determine the prevalence of different TB manifestations in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study of 605 children diagnosed with TB over five years.
- Analysis of clinical findings, investigations, imaging (chest skiagrams, CT scans), and microbiological/histopathological data.
- Evaluation of Mantoux test results and documented contact history.
Main Results:
- Mantoux test positivity was observed in 34.7% of pediatric TB cases.
- Highest Mantoux positivity was in lymph node TB (53%), lowest in CNS TB (21.2%).
- Contact positivity was 30.4%; extra-pulmonary TB accounted for 79.8% of cases.
Conclusions:
- The Mantoux test shows variable positivity across different forms of childhood TB.
- Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is highly prevalent in the pediatric population studied.
- Contact history is an important epidemiological factor in pediatric TB.
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