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Related Experiment Videos

Large bowel carcinoid tumors.

Jennifer A Northrop1, Jeffrey H Lee

  • 1MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gastrointestinal Medicine and Nutrition, Houston, Texas, USA.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|November 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors, often malignant, are best detected with advanced imaging like octreotide scans. While surgery is key for non-metastatic cases, new treatments for metastatic carcinoids show limited success but offer future hope.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal carcinoids represent 90% of carcinoid tumors and possess malignant potential.
  • This review specifically addresses appendiceal, colonic, and rectal carcinoid tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the morphology, prognosis, detection, and treatment of gastrointestinal carcinoids.
  • To highlight recent advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic imaging modalities including computed tomography, octreotide scanning, I- or I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine scanning, and positron emission tomographic scans.
  • Assessment of treatment strategies, including surgery, tumor-targeted therapy, and biochemical evaluation.

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Main Results:

  • Computed tomography is a standard initial examination for primary and metastatic carcinoid tumors.
  • Octreotide scanning demonstrates high sensitivity (90%) for primary tumor detection.
  • Newer modalities like I- or I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine scanning and PET scans show promising diagnostic results.
  • Advancements in tumor-targeted therapy and biochemical evaluation offer potential treatment avenues.

Conclusions:

  • Recent progress in scintigraphic and radiologic modalities has improved the diagnosis of primary and metastatic carcinoid tumors.
  • Diagnostic advancements are more encouraging than current treatment approaches for metastatic disease.
  • Surgery remains the primary treatment for non-metastatic carcinoids; medical treatments for metastatic disease have yielded disappointing survival and response rates.
  • Future trials will explore alternative agents and combination therapies for metastatic carcinoids.