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[Executive dysfunctions in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]
R Rodriguez-Jiménez1, A Cubillo, M A Jiménez-Arriero
1Unidad de Alcoholismo y Patología Dual, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avenida Córdoba s/n, E-28045 Madrid, Spain. rrodriguezj.hdoc@salud.madrid.org
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood, affecting executive functions. Adults with ADHD exhibit similar executive function deficits as children, including issues with planning, memory, and attention.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized as a condition that persists into adulthood.
- Previous research has established executive function deficits in children diagnosed with ADHD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize findings on executive function alterations in adults with ADHD.
- To compare executive function profiles between adult and pediatric ADHD populations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating executive functions in adults with ADHD.
- Analysis of data from various executive function tasks, including planning, attention, cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency, working memory, and inhibition.
Main Results:
- Adults with ADHD demonstrate impairments in executive functions analogous to those seen in children.
- Specific deficits include difficulties with response inhibition, planning, cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency, and working memory (spatial, logical, visual).
Conclusions:
- Executive dysfunctions are a persistent feature of ADHD into adulthood.
- The executive function deficits observed in adults with ADHD mirror those found in pediatric ADHD.
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