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Related Experiment Videos

fMRI study of effort and information processing in a working memory task.

J M Jansma1, N F Ramsey, J A de Zwart

  • 1Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging (LFMI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. jansmam@mail.nih.gov

Human Brain Mapping
|November 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Effortful mental tasks involve specific brain activity. This study found right ventral prefrontal cortex activity correlates with mental effort during working memory tasks.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Understanding the neural basis of mental effort is crucial for explaining cognitive control.
  • The relationship between effort allocation and brain activity remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify brain activity associated with the allocation of mental resources during a working memory task.
  • To elucidate how mental effort is represented in brain function.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in eleven healthy participants.
  • A Sternberg task was employed with varying memory-set sizes (one, three, or five consonants) and probe types (consonant or digit).

Main Results:

  • Reaction times indicated automatic processing for digits and controlled processing for consonants.

Related Experiment Videos

  • fMRI revealed increased activity in the right ventral prefrontal cortex with increased effort.
  • Reduced activity was observed in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex and hypothalamus as a function of effort.

    • Conclusions:

    • Right ventral prefrontal cortex activity is a key neural correlate of mental effort.
    • Brain regions critical for working memory, like the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, are primarily involved in information processing, not effort allocation.