[Thyroid dysfunctions and pregnancy]

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Endocrinology
• Reproductive Health

Background:

• Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy presents unique challenges for both maternal and fetal health.
• Understanding the prevalence and impact of thyroid disorders is crucial for optimal obstetric care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence and clinical characteristics of thyroid dysfunctions in pregnant women.
• To assess the perinatal and maternal outcomes associated with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism during gestation.

Main Methods:

• A descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted.
• Data from 61 cases of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy were analyzed, spanning from January 1982 to December 2002.

Main Results:

• Hyperthyroidism (44 cases) and hypothyroidism (17 cases) were identified with low frequencies (0.05% and 0.02% respectively).
• Hyperthyroid patients often presented with hypertension and experienced abortions and preterm deliveries. Hypothyroid patients showed higher rates of abortion and premature rupture of membranes.
• Both groups had generally favorable fetal outcomes, with no maternal mortality reported and low perinatal mortality rates.

Conclusions:

• Thyroid dysfunctions are uncommon during pregnancy.
• These conditions appear to have limited adverse effects on perinatal morbidity and mortality when appropriately managed.