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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Live Imaging and Characterization of Microglia Dynamics and Interactions with Synapses in Diseased Murine Retina
07:19

Live Imaging and Characterization of Microglia Dynamics and Interactions with Synapses in Diseased Murine Retina

Published on: January 16, 2026

Evidence for synaptic stripping by cortical microglia.

Bruce D Trapp1, Jerome R Wujek, Gerson A Criste

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. trappb@ccf.org

Glia
|December 1, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new model for studying cortical inflammation and demyelination. Activated microglia in the brain cortex were observed to strip synapses, potentially offering neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis models.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves demyelination and microglial activation in the cerebral cortex.
  • Existing experimental models for cortical demyelination or inflammation are limited.
  • The brain cortex's immune privilege poses challenges for studying inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and characterize a novel experimental model of focal cortical inflammation.
  • To investigate the behavior and consequences of microglial activation in the cerebral cortex.
  • To explore the potential neuroprotective role of microglial synaptic stripping.

Main Methods:

  • Stereotaxic injection of killed bacteria (BCG) into the rodent cerebral cortex to induce acute lesions.

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Quantification of Microglial Engulfment of Synaptic Material Using Flow Cytometry
07:41

Quantification of Microglial Engulfment of Synaptic Material Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 31, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Live Imaging and Characterization of Microglia Dynamics and Interactions with Synapses in Diseased Murine Retina
07:19

Live Imaging and Characterization of Microglia Dynamics and Interactions with Synapses in Diseased Murine Retina

Published on: January 16, 2026

Quantification of Microglial Engulfment of Synaptic Material Using Flow Cytometry
07:41

Quantification of Microglial Engulfment of Synaptic Material Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 31, 2024

  • Subcutaneous injection of BCG 1 month later to elicit immune-mediated lesions, overcoming cortical immune privilege.
  • Histological analysis to assess microglial activation, density, and proximity to neurons.
  • Quantification of synaptic stripping by activated microglia using electron microscopy.

    • Main Results:

    • Intracerebral BCG injection induced focal microglial activation (acute lesions).
    • Peripheral BCG challenge led to larger areas and higher densities of activated microglia (immune-mediated lesions).
    • Activated microglia closely associated with neuronal structures and displaced approximately 45% of axosomatic synapses in immune-mediated lesions.
    • No significant neuronal pathology was observed in either lesion type.

    Conclusions:

    • Activated cortical microglia migrate to and strip synapses from neuronal perikarya.
    • Synaptic stripping by microglia in this model may serve a neuroprotective function.
    • This model provides a valuable tool for studying cortical inflammation and its impact on neuronal-microglial interactions in CNS diseases like MS.