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SUPPRESSOR OF FRIGIDA4, encoding a C2H2-Type zinc finger protein, represses flowering by transcriptional activation

Sanghee Kim1, Kyuha Choi, Chulmin Park

  • 1National Research Laboratory of Plant Developmental Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.

The Plant Cell
|December 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Suppressor of FRIGIDA4 (SUF4) acts as a transcriptional activator of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) by interacting with FRIGIDA (FRI) and FRIGIDA-LIKE1 (FRL1). SUF4

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Arabidopsis thaliana genetics
  • Flowering time regulation

Background:

  • FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is a key floral repressor in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • FRIGIDA (FRI) enhances FLC expression, while vernalization reduces it, accelerating flowering.
  • The molecular mechanism of FLC transcriptional activation by FRI remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which FRIGIDA (FRI) transcriptionally activates FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC).
  • To identify novel regulators involved in FLC gene expression and flowering time control.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of the suppressor of FRIGIDA4 (suf4) mutant.
  • Protein-protein interaction studies (co-immunoprecipitation).
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay to assess FLC promoter binding.
  • Analysis of flowering time and FLC expression in various mutants.

Main Results:

  • The suf4 mutant exhibits early flowering due to reduced FLC expression.
  • SUF4 protein interacts with both FRI and FRIGIDA-LIKE1 (FRL1).
  • SUF4 binds to the FLC promoter, functioning as a transcriptional activator in complex with FRI and FRL1.
  • SUF4 also interacts with LUMINIDEPENDENS (LD), suggesting LD represses SUF4 activity.

Conclusions:

  • SUF4 acts as a transcriptional activator of FLC, mediating FRI's effect.
  • The SUF4-FRI-FRL1 complex is crucial for FLC activation.
  • LUMINIDEPENDENS (LD) may repress SUF4 activity in the absence of FRI, providing a regulatory link between flowering pathways.