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Disability and depression: investigating a complex relation using physical performance measures.

Masahiko Yanagita1, Bradley J Willcox, Kamal H Masaki

  • 1Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan.

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry : Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry
|December 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Physical performance, especially gait speed, is linked to fewer depressive symptoms in older men. Slower walking times and reduced handgrip strength may indicate higher depression risk.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Depressive symptoms are a significant concern in aging populations.
  • Physical performance declines with age and may be associated with mental health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between physical performance measures and depressive symptoms in older men.
  • To identify specific physical function indicators associated with depression risk.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 2,856 Japanese American men (aged 71-93) from the Honolulu Heart Program.
  • Assessed depressive symptoms using the 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale (score ≥9 considered significant).
  • Measured upper-extremity (handgrip strength) and lower-extremity (walking speed, chair stands) performance.

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Main Results:

  • 9.9% of participants exhibited clinically significant depressive symptoms.
  • Individuals with depressive symptoms showed slower walking times and chair stand times, and lower handgrip strength.
  • Gait speed (walking 10 feet) was the most significant predictor of depressive symptoms in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Physical performance, particularly gait speed, is a potential correlate of depression in community-dwelling older men.
  • These findings highlight the importance of physical function assessment in identifying older men at risk for depression.