Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Tracheal stenosis: a flow dynamics study.

Mark Brouns1, Santhosh T Jayaraju, Chris Lacor

  • 1Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. mark@stro.vub.ac.be

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|December 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Strangulated Giant Paraesophageal Hernia Resulting in Ischemia and Perforation: A Case Report.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Portraits and memory: Investigating HF-rTMS effects on episodic recall through a sham-controlled fMRI study.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Regional ventilation imaging in normal and bronchoconstricted<i>in vivo</i>rabbit lungs using dynamic shuttle mode Xe-enhanced DECT imaging.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same author

Acknowledging the syndemic: a real-life cohort study of major adverse cardiovascular events in COPD.

ERJ open research·2025
Same author

OPENing a new ECLECTIC approach to NSTEMI and cardiac arrest using ECG-less coronary computed tomography angiography. Study design and rationale of two prospective clinical studies.

Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions·2025
Same author

Percentage of left ventricular myocardial blood flow distribution and revascularization completeness in FASTTRACK CABG.

Journal of cardiovascular computed tomography·2025

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations reveal that significant tracheal stenosis (over 70% narrowing) dramatically increases pressure drops. This finding suggests a potential method for early detection of airway narrowing before critical obstruction occurs.

Area of Science:

  • * Fluid Dynamics
  • * Medical Imaging
  • * Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • * Tracheal stenosis often presents asymptomatically until critical airway narrowing necessitates urgent intervention.
  • * Early detection of tracheal stenosis is crucial for timely and effective patient management.
  • * Understanding the relationship between airway constriction and pressure dynamics is vital for diagnosing respiratory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the impact of varying degrees of tracheal stenosis on local pressure drops using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
  • * To explore potential methods for detecting tracheal stenosis at a precritical stage by analyzing pressure changes.
  • * To model airflow patterns and pressure gradients in a realistic upper airway under different stenosis conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Methods:

  • * A realistic three-dimensional upper airway model was created from multislice computed tomography (CT) images of healthy men.
  • * Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed, solving the Navier-Stokes equations with a Yang-shih k-epsilon turbulence model.
  • * Artificial tracheal stenoses of varying degrees were inserted into the model to assess flow patterns and pressure drops (DeltaP).

Main Results:

  • * A dramatic increase in pressure drop (DeltaP) was observed only when tracheal lumen obliteration exceeded 70%.
  • * At 30 L/min, DeltaP increased from 7 Pa for 50% stenosis to 46 Pa (80% stenosis) and 235 Pa (90% stenosis).
  • * The pressure-flow relationship exhibited a power law, with the flow exponent increasing from 1.77 (no stenosis) to 2.00 (85% constriction).

Conclusions:

  • * Overall pressure drop is significantly affected by tracheal stenosis only in severe cases (over 70% constriction).
  • * The simulated flow dependence of pressure drop offers a promising approach for detecting tracheal stenosis at a precritical stage.
  • * CFD modeling provides valuable insights into the hemodynamic effects of tracheal stenosis, aiding in early diagnosis and management.