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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Changes of initiation mass and cell dimensions by the 'eclipse'.

Arieh Zaritsky1, Norbert Vischer, Avinoam Rabinovitch

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel. ariehz@bgu.ac.il

Molecular Microbiology
|December 5, 2006
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Summary

The cell division cycle requires a minimum time for DNA replication origins to reset, known as the

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cell division is a fundamental biological process.
  • DNA replication is crucial for cell division.
  • Replication origins (oriCs) control DNA replication initiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the minimum time (eclipse) for replication origins to initiate the next round.
  • To investigate the relationship between replication fork distance and origin firing.
  • To model how cell mass affects replication initiation timing.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of replication origin firing.
  • Experimental manipulation of replication time (C) using thymine limitation.
  • Observation of cell size and morphology changes under altered replication conditions.

Main Results:

  • A model was developed explaining the 'eclipse' period based on minimal replication fork distance.
  • Experimental conditions altering replication time (C) and doubling time (tau) were used.
  • Increased replication positions (n = C/tau) led to increased cell size, branching, and cell lysis.

Conclusions:

  • The model predicts that delayed initiation leads to increased cell mass at the next initiation event.
  • Experimental results support the model by showing increased cell size with extended replication time.
  • Further research is needed to explore the link between these phenomena and peptidoglycan synthesis.