Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 18, 2026
Systems Analysis of the Neuroinflammatory and Hemodynamic Response to Traumatic Brain Injury
Published on: May 27, 2022
Serum S-100B protein monitoring in patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Stefanos Korfias1, George Stranjalis, Efstathios Boviatsis
1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, NE4 6BE, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Stefanos.Korfias@NUTH.NHS.UK
Objective:
S-100B protein is a promising marker of injury severity and outcome after head injury. We examined the relationship between serum S-100B concentrations and injury severity, clinical course, survival, and treatment efficacy after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Design And Setting:
Prospective observational study in a neurosurgical intensive care unit.
Patients And Participants:
102 adult patients with severe TBI, admitted between June 2001 and November 2003 (30 months).
Interventions:
Serum S-100B levels were measured by immunoluminometric technique on admission and every 24 h thereafter for a maximum of 7 days.
Measurements And Results:
Initial S-100B levels were significantly related to pupillary status, computed tomography severity 1, and 1-month survival. Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis showed that initial S-100B was an independent predictor of 1-month survival, in the presence of dilated pupils, and with increased age. Subjects with initial levels above 1 microg/l had a nearly threefold increased probability of death within 1 month. Serum S-100B alteration indicated neurological improvement or deterioration. Finally, surgical treatment reduced S-100B levels.
Conclusions:
Serum S-100B protein reflects injury severity and improves prediction of outcome after severe TBI. S-100B may also have a role in assessing the efficacy of treatment after severe TBI.
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