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Gender differences in self-rated and partner-rated multiple intelligences: a Portuguese replication
1Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-392 Porto, Portugal. fneto@fpce.up.pt
The Journal of Psychology
|December 6, 2006
Summary
Men perceive themselves as more intelligent in logical, spatial, and naturalistic intelligences compared to women. Prior intelligence quotient (IQ) test experience also influenced self-perceptions of intelligence.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences proposes distinct cognitive abilities.
- Understanding self-perceptions of intelligence is crucial in educational and psychological contexts.
- Gender and prior experience with intelligence testing may influence these self-perceptions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate gender differences in the self-estimation of Gardner's multiple intelligences.
- To examine the impact of prior intelligence quotient (IQ) test experience on self-perceived intelligence.
- To assess the validity of Gardner's proposed factor structure based on self-estimated intelligences.
Main Methods:
- A questionnaire based on a previous instrument was administered to Portuguese students (N = 190).
- Participants self-estimated their abilities across 10 multiple intelligences.
- Factor analysis was used to explore the underlying structure of self-estimated intelligences.
Main Results:
- Significant gender differences were found, with men rating themselves higher in mathematical (logical), spatial, and naturalistic intelligences.
- Individuals with prior IQ test experience reported higher self-estimates in two intelligence areas.
- Factor analysis did not support Gardner's three-factor model of multiple intelligences in this sample.
Conclusions:
- Gender influences self-perceptions of specific intelligences, particularly logical, spatial, and naturalistic.
- Previous exposure to IQ testing may bolster self-confidence in certain intellectual domains.
- The study's findings question the empirical support for Gardner's proposed hierarchical structure of multiple intelligences based on self-assessment.
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