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The athletic hernia: a systematic review.

Kenneth G Swan1, Michelle Wolcott

  • 1Sports Medicine Division, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Boulder, Colorado, USA. kswanjr@yahoo.com

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|December 6, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Athletic hernia, common in soccer and rugby, causes debilitating groin pain. Diagnosis and treatment lack consensus, but surgical repair and MRI show promise for athletes.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • Athletic hernia is an obscure condition affecting athletes, particularly in soccer and rugby.
  • It causes debilitating groin pain, potentially ending athletic careers, with frequent treatment failures.
  • Inconsistent descriptions of anatomy, diagnosis, and treatment exist in medical literature, lacking evidence-based guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the anatomy and pathoanatomy of athletic hernia.
  • To systematically review the literature for insights into athletic hernia diagnosis and treatment.
  • To establish an evidence-based approach for managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Performed an overview of relevant anatomical and pathoanatomical literature.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Conducted a systematic review of existing studies on athletic hernia.
  • Analyzed studies, noting most were Level IV evidence.

    • Main Results:

    • The most common operative finding is a deficient posterior wall of the inguinal canal.
    • Other abdominal wall abnormalities are frequently identified.
    • Both open and laparoscopic repairs yield excellent outcomes, with laparoscopy enabling earlier return to play.

    Conclusions:

    • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows excellent diagnostic potential for athletic hernia.
    • A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for managing groin pain in athletes.
    • Further high-quality research is needed to establish evidence-based treatment guidelines.